Blue/Green
Short answer: When aluminum is added to copper sulfate solution with hydrochloric acid, the acid strips aluminum's oxide layer and aluminum displaces copper in a vigorous, heat-releasing reaction.
Copper compounds give flames a characteristic blue-green color, because heat excites copper's electrons, which emit specific wavelengths as they relax. The footage shows the reaction and a green flame.
What should you know about Blue/Green?
Quick facts. Each one stands alone and has a stable ID you can cite.
Aluminum displaces copper.
Acid removes aluminum's oxide.
Video transcript: Blue/Green: Copper Compounds Turn a Flame Blue-Green
Did you know, when copper sulfate, hydrogen chloride and aluminum are combined, a fascinating reaction can occur, producing a distinctive blue or green flame. Here's how it works. Aluminum reacts with copper sulfate, causing a redox reaction, where aluminum displaces copper, releasing copper metal and aluminum sulfate. When hydrogen chloride is present, it can intensify this reaction, especially if the solution is heated. Copper ions from the copper sulfate then release a blue-green flame when burned, because of the unique way copper's electrons are excited by heat. NOW YOU KNOW!
Burned-in captions, read frame by frame (see transcript.md) · 28.1s Reel ·
The write-up
Copper compounds turn a flame blue-green. Aluminum, copper sulfate and acid set it off.
- Exhibit A
Displacement
Aluminum displaces copper.
- Exhibit B
Acid
Acid removes aluminum's oxide.
- Exhibit C
Color
Copper gives blue-green flames.
- Exhibit D
Electrons
Excited electrons emit light.
- Exhibit E
Heat
The reaction releases heat.
Questions people ask about Blue/Green
Which metal colors the flame?
Blue-green.
Source: Write-up · Exhibit A (Displacement) · Wikipedia: Flame test
What displaces copper?
More reactive.
Source: Write-up · Exhibit B (Acid) · Wikipedia: Flame test
What does the acid remove?
Exposes metal.
Source: Write-up · Exhibit C (Color) · Wikipedia: Flame test
Why do flames get colors?
Emission.
Source: Write-up · Exhibit D (Electrons) · Wikipedia: Flame test
What test uses flame colors?
Identifies metals.
Source: Write-up · Exhibit E (Heat) · Wikipedia: Flame test
Test Your Knowledge
All quizzes →5 questions, all from this case file. Answers are revealed instantly.
Which metal colors the flame?
- Copper
- Sodium
- Lithium
- Iron
Show the answer
Answer: A. Copper Blue-green. Source: Write-up · Exhibit A (Displacement) · Wikipedia: Flame test
What displaces copper?
- Aluminum
- Gold
- Neon
- Silver
Show the answer
Answer: A. Aluminum More reactive. Source: Write-up · Exhibit B (Acid) · Wikipedia: Flame test
What does the acid remove?
- The oxide layer
- Copper
- Color
- Heat
Show the answer
Answer: A. The oxide layer Exposes metal. Source: Write-up · Exhibit C (Color) · Wikipedia: Flame test
Why do flames get colors?
- Excited electrons emit light
- Dye
- Smoke
- Wind
Show the answer
Answer: A. Excited electrons emit light Emission. Source: Write-up · Exhibit D (Electrons) · Wikipedia: Flame test
What test uses flame colors?
- Flame test
- Litmus test
- Turing test
- Blood test
Show the answer
Answer: A. Flame test Identifies metals. Source: Write-up · Exhibit E (Heat) · Wikipedia: Flame test
Cite this case file
Easterling, Marcus. "Blue/Green." The Detail Department (DetailEnjoyer), case file DD-361, last updated Nov 4, 2024. https://detailenjoyer.com/case/blue-green/
Permalink: https://detailenjoyer.com/case/blue-green/ · Last updated
Cite a single fact by its ID, for example DD-361-F01 → https://detailenjoyer.com/case/blue-green/#DD-361-F01

